The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is putting a spotlight on dam safety, aligning its efforts with the upcoming National Dam Safety Awareness Day tomorrow. With over 90,000 dams crisscrossing the United States—approximately 3,000 of which are in Wisconsin—the agency underscores the critical nature of proper dam management for the safety of the public and those who rely on dam-related services.
Understanding the gravity of dam safety in the nation came sharply into focus following the catastrophic South Fork Dam failure in Johnstown, Pennsylvania back in 1889. As reported by Wisconsin DNR's newsroom, this disaster claimed over 2,200 lives and still stands as the deadliest dam failure in U.S. history. It's an anniversary that brings into remembrance, not only the lives lost but the ongoing responsibility stakeholders hold in maintaining these essential structures.
Many of Wisconsin's dams, as noted by the DNR, date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While these structures were built to last, the relentless forces of water pressure, and weathering can gradually compromise their integrity. The common issues identified during inspections include undesirable vegetation on the embankment, deteriorated concrete, and faulty gates or corroded pipes—problems which could lead to dangerous breaches during severe weather events.
The DNR's Dam Safety Team steps in with a variety of supportive measures for local dam owners, as their latest release states. Their services encompass inspections, risk assessment, emergency response, and facilitating the review of dam repair plans. Equally important, the DNR provides grants to aid in the repair or removal of dams, aiming to bolster safety and mitigate risk factors.
Turning to economics, the Association of State Dam Safety Officials has put forth an eye-opening estimate—the cost to rehab America's non-federal high hazard dams sits north of $157 billion. "High hazard" reflects the potential for loss of life should these dams fail, highlighting the pressing need for such extensive (and costly) rehabilitation projects to prioritize human safety.
The DNR also reminds individuals who enjoy recreational activities near dams to maintain a safe distance and leverage designated portage areas. With Wisconsin's DNR owning about 300 dams that facilitate activities including fishing, hunting, and boating; awareness and caution cannot be overstated for those venturing near these powerful structures.
